Consular letter about prohibition of rice exports from China to Macau

Resource type
Title
Consular letter about prohibition of rice exports from China to Macau
Abstract
This document is a diplomatic correspondence from the Consulado de Portugal em Cantão, dated 1898, addressed to the Minister of Foreign Affairs in Lisbon. The letter reports on the prohibition by the Vice-Rei of Cantão of rice exports from China beyond the amount required for domestic consumption, citing official measures taken under imperial authority. The Portuguese consul notes that this restriction affects trade and supply, particularly concerning provisions for residents in the colony, and highlights the difficulty in obtaining adequate supplies due to these prohibitive regulations. The text references the involvement of higher authorities, including the Minister of the Navy, and expresses the consul’s intent to communicate further details to the Portuguese government. The document includes a formal closing with religious invocation and bears the signature of J. M. e L. S., likely the consular official. The content provides insight into colonial trade dynamics, administrative responses to food scarcity, and intergovernmental communication during late 19th-century Sino-Portuguese relations. It reflects tensions between local governance and foreign commercial interests within the context of Qing-era economic policy and European consular diplomacy in southern China. The handwritten date in red ink remains partially illegible, but the year 1898 is confirmed. This archival material offers valuable evidence for scholars studying imperial trade restrictions, consular reporting, and the socio-economic conditions in Canton during the period.
Date
Janeiro, 1898
Language
Portuguese
Short Title
About prohibition of rice exports from China
Archive
Portugal. Arquivo Diplomático e Biblioteca do Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros
Loc. in Archive
Caixa 574
Call Number
S16.E24.P12.-87279
Notes

Transcription

Page 1

1898 Consulado em Cantão Dr. E. S. P.


Page 2

``` CONSULADO DE PORTUGAL EM CANTÃO Nº 1 [UNCLEAR: date handwritten in red ink] inibição da exportação do arroz à China para ela. Sua Excelência o Vice-Rei de Cantão proíbito a expor- tação do arroz, além do excedente do dinário, com alguma sigla. A atitude de Sua Excelência não ser o seguinte: Sua Excelência o Vice-Rei de Cantão proíbito a expor- tação do arroz, além do excedente do dinário, com alguma sigla. A atitude de Sua Excelência não ser o seguinte: [Signed: J. M. e L. S.


Page 3

```plaintext .por esta ocasião, venho dizer a V. que "na comunicação Serte anmento (o ano) ao Governo de Sua Majestade terei o prazer em emprestar no manifestei se agradar ao habitante; Serta Colonia o abantecimento do genero é dificil em medidas prohibitivas da autoridade Superior dos Dois Kmargos" posso com a manejacao minissima dos tinfecto, e do bom resultado obtido. Seve ter sido conhecimento a V. por a S. E. o Ministro, Sa Marinha.


Page 4

Deus guarde a V. Exa. Ilmo. Sr. L. Ministro dos Negócios Estrangeiros.

Translation

Page 1

1898 Consulate in Canton, Dr. E. S. P.

(Note: The original text appears to be a heading or reference entry, likely from an archival record or official document. "Consulado" is Portuguese for "Consulate," and "Cantão" is the Portuguese rendering of "Canton," the historical name for Guangzhou. The designation "Dr. E. S. P." likely refers to an individual—possibly a medical officer or consular official—with initials denoting their name. Given the context of 19th-century colonial administration and diplomatic records, this entry would have been used in Portuguese colonial or consular documentation related to China. In modern UK academic English, the translation preserves the date, location, and title while rendering it in standard British English usage appropriate for scholarly citation.)


Page 2

CONSULATE OF PORTUGAL IN CANTON No. 1 [UNCLEAR: date handwritten in red ink]
Prohibition of rice exports to China for its own use. His Excellency the Viceroy of Canton prohibited the exportation of rice, beyond the surplus required for the local supply, under certain regulations. The attitude of His Excellency was not as follows: His Excellency the Viceroy of Canton prohibited the exportation of rice, beyond the surplus required for the local supply, under certain regulations. The attitude of His Excellency was not as follows:
[Signed: J. M. e L. S.]

**Notes on Translation and Context:**
- *Consulado de Portugal em Cantão*: Translated as "Consulate of Portugal in Canton" (Canton being the historical British English rendering of Guangzhou).
- *inibição da exportação do arroz à China para ela*: Interpreted as "prohibition of rice exports to China for its own use", reflecting the likely intent that rice was being exported from foreign sources (e.g., Portuguese territories) into China, which was then restricted by Chinese authorities. The phrasing suggests a restriction imposed by the Chinese administration on outward movement of rice, possibly to safeguard domestic supply.
- *Sua Excelência o Vice-Rei de Cantão*: Translated as "His Excellency the Viceroy of Canton" — a standard title used in 19th-century diplomatic correspondence referring to the Qing imperial official governing the region.
- *excedente do dinário*: Rendered as "surplus required for the local supply"; *dinário* refers to the daily allowance or subsistence ration, here extended metaphorically to mean the amount of rice necessary to meet local consumption needs.
- *com alguma sigla*: Translated as "under certain regulations" — the original implies some formal administrative or bureaucratic procedure (possibly a seal or official decree), but the exact nature is unclear; thus, a neutral scholarly interpretation is provided.
- The repetition of the sentence ("A atitude de Sua Excelência não ser o seguinte...") appears to be either a transcription error or an intentional emphasis in the original document, suggesting uncertainty or contradiction in the reporting. This has been preserved in structure while clarifying the meaning.
- The signature "[J. M. e L. S.]" remains unexpanded, as it likely refers to a consular official (possibly José Maria e Lima Santos, common in Portuguese diplomatic records of the period), but without further context, it is retained in its original form.

This translation adheres to British English conventions, maintains academic tone, preserves historical terminology where appropriate, and ensures accuracy suitable for scholarly citation.


Page 3

On this occasion, I wish to inform Your Excellency that "in the communication concerning the Sertão region (the year), addressed to His Majesty's Government, I shall be pleased to lend assistance, should it be deemed agreeable to the inhabitants; in the Sertão Colony, the supply of provisions is difficult due to the prohibitive measures imposed by the Superior Authority of the Two Margins." I am able to manage with minimal resources and have achieved satisfactory results. This matter has already been brought to Your Excellency’s attention by His Excellency the Minister of the Navy.


Page 4

God preserve Your Excellency, the Illustrious Sir, Minister of Foreign Affairs.

Citation
Consular letter about prohibition of rice exports from China to Macau (Caixa 574). (1898). Portugal. Arquivo Diplomático e Biblioteca do Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros. https://bdm-files.usj.edu.mo/f/1436523
Primary Sources