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Program dedicated to viticulture and oenology, hosted by José Silva, highlighting the promotion of Portuguese wines in Macau and Hong Kong and the Hotel The Vine in Funchal.

Program presented by José Hermano Saraiva dedicated to the history of aviation in Portugal, based on the collection on display at the Air Museum, Granja do Marquês, in Sintra.

Third part of the programme featuring the documentary "Archives of Understanding: Return to Macau," a look at the 10 years of this territory that returned to Chinese sovereignty, under the designation of MSAR - Macau Special Administrative Region, enjoying a high degree of autonomy for a period of 50 years, shown and included in this interview programme due to its theme.

Second part of the programme presented by Mário Figueiredo about Macau, ten years after the return to Chinese sovereignty, rethinking its autonomy and analysing tradition and modernity, through a conversation with General Garcia Leandro, the 1st Governor of Macau after April 25, 1974, and until 1979, Ana Cristina Alves, master's degree in Philosophy and PhD in Chinese Culture and Language, Ana Costa Lopes, master's degree in Portuguese and Chinese Studies and PhD in Portuguese Culture, and Rui Nunes, producer and director of the documentary "Archives of Understanding: Returning to Macau".

Fourth part of the programme presented by Mário Figueiredo about Macau, ten years after the return to Chinese sovereignty, rethinking its autonomy and analysing tradition and modernity, through a conversation with General Garcia Leandro, 1st Governor of Macau after 25 April 1974, and until 1979, Ana Cristina Alves, master in Philosophy and PhD in Chinese Culture and Language, Ana Costa Lopes, master in Portuguese and Chinese Studies and PhD in Portuguese Culture, and Rui Nunes, producer and director of the documentary "Arquivos do Entendimento: Voltar a Macau".

First part of the programme presented by Mário Figueiredo about Macau, ten years after its return to Chinese sovereignty, rethinking its autonomy and analysing tradition and modernity, through a conversation with General Garcia Leandro, 1st Governor of Macau after 25 April 1974, and until 1979, Ana Cristina Alves, Master in Philosophy and PhD in Chinese Culture and Language, Ana Costa Lopes, Master in Portuguese and Chinese Studies and PhD in Portuguese Culture, and Rui Nunes, producer and director of the documentary "Arquivos do Entendimento: Voltar a Macau".

Journalist Paula Moura Pinheiro talks with Mafalda Soares da Cunha, historian and deputy director to José Mattoso in the production of the work Heritage of Portuguese Origin in the World, and with Joaquim Magalhães de Castro, travel writer, about the territories marked by the presence of the Portuguese over five centuries, during the period of maritime expansion.

This article proposes a comparative reading of the trajectories of Portugal and China between 1908 and 1928, privileging as an interpretative axis the "two revolutions" and the "republican winds" whose circulation was reflected, with varying intensities, in Macao. Starting from the simultaneity of moments of rupture (the assassination of King Carlos in 1908 and the death of Cixi with the rise of Pu Yi; the deposition of Manuel II and the establishment of the Portuguese Republic in 1910, as well as the founding of the Chinese Republic in 1912), the author argues that both contexts experienced transitions from monarchical/imperial to republican regimes, despite distinct historical scales and political dynamics. The methodology, essentially historical-interpretative in nature, organizes the period into three phases (1908–1913; 1914–1919; 1920–1928) and articulates political-institutional events with peripheral effects on the Macanese territory. The first two phases are read as successive stages of transformation and repositioning in the face of war and the reconfiguration of the international order, while the third corresponds to years of instability, conspiracies, revolts, and military interventions, conditioned by the circulation of revolutionary ideology and, in particular, by the impact of the communist cycle inaugurated in 1917. The article concludes that the Luso-Chinese relationship, anchored in Macao, provided a privileged observatory for understanding republican convergences and structural divergences in the historical experience of the two countries.

This article analyzes the emergence of the first Dutch blockades of Goa within the framework of the Dutch East India Company's (VOC) operations against the "Carreira da Índia" in the Western Indian Ocean between 1604 and 1623. It argues that such actions resulted not only from the commercial dynamics triggered by the "spice race," but from a progressive transformation of policy and state capacity: the merger and centralization of trade around the VOC, authorized by the States General, enabled the mobilization of military resources to shift the war against the Hispanic Monarchy to the Asian arena. The research reconstructs the evolution of the Dutch naval apparatus on the basis of fleets and official instructions, articulating the chronology of the expeditions (relative reduction in the number of ships, increase in the size of fleets, and the military qualification of commanders) with episodes of conflict along the Portuguese routes. The study contextualizes the initially gradual transition from formally commercial expeditions to openly offensive operations, aimed at damaging the Iberian circuit and protecting VOC partners and interests. It concludes that the blockades of Goa must be understood as the culmination of a coherent strategy of maritime pressure, built in stages between 1604 and 1623, in which the military dimension became structural for European competition in the East.

This article revisits the evolution of the Estado da Índia between 1571 and 1577, proposing a reinterpretation of the “second phase” of the crisis of 1565–1575, often closed by historiography in 1575 with the loss of Ternate. Proceeding from the observation that knowledge of the period has remained excessively dependent on the account of Diogo do Couto (namely the *Década IX*), the author articulates historiographical reading with prospecting in available manuscript documentation and, above all, with the exploration of Jesuit correspondence, mobilised to reconstruct political decisions, administrative hierarchies, and implications for overseas governance. The analysis questions, in particular, the meanings of the tripartition of the Estado da Índia in 1571: more than a mere sign of decline, it is suggested that the division relates to mechanisms of containment and reorganisation of power in a context of instability, including the autonomisation of Malacca. It concludes that the end of the crisis must be displaced temporally and interpretatively beyond 1575, articulating the loss of Ternate with subsequent strategic responses and with the reordering of governance conditions that would culminate, at different rhythms, in the final years of the decade.

The article analyzes the political-military pressure exerted on the Estado da Índia in the region of Daman between 1572 and 1605, interpreting this period as a moment of defensive reconfiguration in the face of the “Mughal danger”. The argument maintains that the threat should not be reduced to a direct and episodic confrontation, but understood as a set of tensions that affected maritime routes, regional balances, and the security of the Portuguese fortified system around the Gulf of Cambay. Methodologically, the study reconstructs the evolution of military structures and armed settlement policies (garrisons, squares, “fences of stakes” and control of passages), articulating information on troop numbers, social composition of the forces (Portuguese, prazeiros and local contingents) and transformations in logistics and the design of defenses. Based on contemporary documentation and the historiographical reading of the Daman defensive system, the author traces how Daman functioned as a strategic platform for the protection of Bassein and as a connecting node between fortresses, especially through the use of rapid interventions by sea. It is concluded that the Portuguese response combined intensive fortification, rationalization of recruitment, and military obligations associated with land ownership and access to horses and weaponry, allowing the maintenance of the system’s effectiveness despite instability and growing regional competition.

The article analyzes, from a comparative and interconnected perspective, the beginnings of the republican regimes in Portugal and China (1908–1927), arguing that, despite the historical and geographical differences between the two contexts, there are parallel phases that help illuminate the transnational political dynamics of the period. The authors propose Macao as a structuring link between the two “first republics”: on the one hand, one observes the visibility of the Portuguese political impact in the early years of the republican regime in Macao; on the other, geographical proximity and social and economic networks facilitated the arrival, to Macao and its surroundings, of actors linked to the Chinese Republic. Methodologically, the text is based on a historical-interpretative reading of the stages of republican construction and consolidation in the two countries, articulating key moments such as the fall of the Portuguese monarchy (1908–1913), the 1911 Revolution and the proclamation of the Republic in China (1912), as well as the reconfigurations brought about by the First World War (1914–1919). Among the main results, it is highlighted that Portuguese participation in the conflict and the authoritarian drift after 1916/1918 find correspondence, in China, in the tensions between republicanism and monarchical projects led by Yuan Shikai, revealing distinct but simultaneous trajectories, in which Macao functions as a political and human interface.

The article analyzes the affirmation of the republican elite in Macau during the first quarter of the twentieth century, interpreting it as the result of the interaction between two central factors: the emergence of local political associations aligned with Portuguese republican parties and the social weight of Freemasonry as a network for consolidating loyalties and solidarities among the Portuguese community. The central argument holds that these dynamics functioned as a counterweight to the secular influence of the Catholic Church, in a colonial context where, although political loyalty depended on distance from the Metropolis, local political practice was organized primarily through elections and alliances of interests. Methodologically, the study articulates political-historical analysis and institutional reconstitution, exploring the local press and available Masonic documentation, with particular attention to the Camões Lodge — effectively two structures (1909–1915 and 1915–1930) subordinate to the Grande Oriente Lusitano. It concludes that the articulation operated by Masonic affiliation allowed intellectuals and prominent figures to harmonize strategies and dispute the “government of spirits” in the face of the anti-clerical measures of the First Republic, producing an ambiguous outcome in which secularization advanced in governance without completely eliminating ecclesiastical positions and assets.

The article by Fernando Mendonça Fava proposes a “brief note” on José Carlos da Maia, a Portuguese figure consecrated as a hero of the Republic and, simultaneously, governor of Macau, where he developed an administrative body of work considered decisive. The argument holds that the parallel between the establishment of the republican regime in Portugal (1910) and the rapid precedence of republicanism in China, in the context of the 1911 Revolution, as well as Macau’s historical ties between both powers, provide a privileged framework for understanding Maia’s biography as an expression of a transnational circulation of political ideas. Methodologically, the text adopts a flexible chronological thread and a contextual framing of events and persons, with selective use of footnotes for factual densification. The study organizes the narrative around four axes—sailor, revolutionary, politician, and martyr—assigning centrality to Maia’s leading role in the affirmation of republicanism and in the duration of the Portuguese First Republic, without neglecting his activities in Macau. Among the main results, the articulation between Portuguese political action and Maia’s personal sympathies for the Chinese republican cause stands out, including his relationship with Sun Yat Sen, whose biographical presence reinforces the pertinence of Macau as a historical space of mediation between “two revolutions” and “two centenaries.”

The article examines how Portuguese and Chinese republican networks converged around Macao between 1914 and 1916, focusing on Sun Yat Sen, José Carlos de Maia, and what the author terms the "Outer Harbour Project" of 1922. It argues that the appointment and actions of Carlos da Maia as governor of Macao were not circumstantial: the simultaneous presence of figures linked to Lusophone republicanism and activists from the nascent Kuomintang created an environment of clandestine cooperation that provided the 1911–1912 Revolution and its ramifications with a critical offshore foothold. Methodologically, the text combines a contextual reading of political events (the period of the Portuguese Republican Party, the formation of the Gemingdang in Tokyo, and the post-1916 reorganization) with a reconstruction of personal trajectories and circuits of revolutionary sociability (including Sun Mei’s residence in Macao and later that of Zhu Zhixin). The analysis is complemented by an examination of epistolary documentation, highlighting the letter of June 23, 1916, from Sun Yat Sen to Carlos da Maia, whose dating reveals the sensitivity and practical utility of this network. It concludes that the transimperial interdependencies built in Macao helped shape the resources, alliances, and strategies later reflected in the planning and operationalization of the port infrastructures associated with the 1922 project.

The article analyzes the Macanese presence in the response to the regional catastrophe triggered by the Sino-Japanese War and the Japanese invasion of Hong Kong, focusing on the “Hong Kong refugees” (1942) and the institutional mechanisms that enabled their reception in Macau. The central contribution of the text argues that forced mobility, far from being merely a side effect of the conflict, was mediated by legal statutes and consular networks, allowing segments of the Macanese diaspora—often dependent on colonial belonging and multiple nationalities—to renegotiate their security. Methodologically, the author articulates the historical reconstruction of events (1941–1945) with political-diplomatic contextualization, mobilizing narratives on the occupation of Hong Kong and on the actions of key figures in the administrative field, in particular the consular officer Francisco Vasconcelos Soares, responsible for enabling the recovery of Portuguese nationality by a group of migrants, predominantly originating from Hong Kong and subject to British nationality. As a result, the article highlights how Macau functioned as a port of refuge for different migratory profiles—including Macanese with recent and intergenerational ties—and concludes that the refuge experience reinforces the centrality of the imperial order and consular competencies in the production of diasporic trajectories in the colonial Atlantic and Pacific.

The article investigates how the figure of St. Thomas of Mylapore (Mailapur) was constructed and narrated in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century sources, both Portuguese and foreign, by articulating geographical location, circulation of information, and production of devotional knowledge. The analysis focuses on three main testimonies—Duarte Barbosa (c. 1516), Jan Huygen Linschoten (published in 1596), and António Bocarro (1635)—comparing how each author describes the city, its position on the Coromandel coast and its “Christian particularity,” as well as the versions of the legend associated with the apostle. Methodologically, a historiographical and intertextual reading is employed, privileging narrative divergences and strategies for legitimizing traditions: while Duarte Barbosa presents more succinct allusions, Bocarro offers a more explicit framework, with location and urban characteristics, and Linschoten reconfigures the devotional plot by introducing etiological episodes (river obstruction, intervention by means of elephants, Brahmanical opposition, and corporal punishments inflicted on descendants). It is concluded that the variations among the sources do not negate the persistence of the cult but reveal processes of adaptation of sacred memory to the objectives, presuppositions, and networks of each observer, offering relevant indicators for understanding the cultural transposition of Indo-Portuguese Christianity and the consolidation of a localized “St. Thomas.”

The article proposes a critical reading of Eurocentric theories on gender status in Asia, aiming to identify their main problems and methodologies, as well as their blind spots. Arguing that the discussion of the "other" and of the silenced voice must be articulated with a dimension of gender hegemony, the author revisits the debate surrounding Edward Said and questions the ways in which Western representations transform Asian women into static, stereotyped figures mediated by external discourses. Methodologically, the text proceeds through an analysis of ideological and rhetorical processes of identity construction, mobilizing an interdisciplinary framework that crosses ethnography, anthropology, historiography, fiction, and popular culture, as well as media and textual/visual sources. In particular, the "narrative of everyday practices" is privileged as a means of understanding how feminine identities are produced, contested, or reinscribed in time and space, and to what extent social transformations open up (or block) possibilities of autonomy, dissidence, and conformism. The conclusion is that a truly critical approach to gender studies must grant centrality to feminine voices, experiences, and ordinary practices that tend to be ignored, thereby countering the systematic substitution of speech by mechanisms of representation.

This article analyses the outbreak of bubonic plague in Macau in 1895 from a historiographical perspective centred on the report of the physician Gomes da Silva, then head of the colony's health services. Against the backdrop of a period in which the aetiological agent (Yersinia pestis) was already known, but the mechanisms of transmission—especially the role of fleas—were not yet fully understood, the author investigates how the Portuguese report integrated emerging bacteriological knowledge into the prevailing theories on the transmission and diffusion of the disease. Methodologically, the study reconstructs the epidemiology described for Macau, relates local data to the broader framework of the third pandemic in Chinese territory, and undertakes a critical reading of Gomes da Silva's text, highlighting his argumentation on "infectiousness" versus "contagiousness" and the causal dynamics linking animal foci, urban conditions, and circulation between spaces. It concludes that the report constitutes a relevant testimony of how Portuguese colonial authorities articulated natural and social variables to interpret the spread of the outbreak, offering a coherent reading—albeit situated within the scientific knowledge of the time—to explain the patterns of dissemination in Macau and its regional framing.

The article analyzes the representations of Macau in *Pequeno Caderno do Oriente* and, in particular, the way in which Eugénio de Andrade constructs the city in dialogue with the Portuguese lyrical tradition. Starting from the assertion that the poetic word “shapes” landscapes, people, and culture, Dora Nunes Gago argues that the author’s textual “Macau” is not limited to the impressionistic record of the 1990 encounter, but rather functions as a site for the reactivation of earlier myths and poetics. The author frames the reading within two intertextual lines: the legendary presence of Camões in the Orient and the centrality of Camilo Pessanha as an effective “master.” Methodologically, the study proceeds through an annotated reading of key passages from the notebook (“Defesa de Camões” and the text “Camilo Pessanha, O Mestre”), articulating rhetorical and cultural analysis with the historical contextualization of the figures evoked. As findings, it becomes evident that the legitimacy of certain images (such as the Camonian grotto) may persist despite factual refutations, while Andrade’s criticism falls above all on the poverty of commemorative devices. In parallel, Pessanha’s “music” operates as an aesthetic paradigm for writing the Orient, consolidating Macau as a space of literary memory and poetic asceticism.