Results | Kerko

Roldão, F. (2015). La documentación municipal de la ciudad de Macao a lo largo de los siglos XVI y XVII. Lugares de Escritura: La Ciudad, 347–356. https://ifc.dpz.es/recursos/publicaciones/35/34/18roldao.pdf

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Derks, H. (2012). History of the Opium Problem (Vol. 105). Brill.

Covering a period of about four centuries, this book demonstrates the economic and political components of the opium problem. As a mass product, opium was introduced in India and Indonesia by the Dutch in the 17th century. China suffered the most, but was also the first to get rid of the opium problem around 1950.

Leung, B. (2010). The Portuguese Appeasement Policy in Macau’s Church and State Relations. The Journal of Contemporary China, 19(64), 381–400. https://doi.org/10.1080/10670560903444306

For the last four centuries, under the policy of the Portuguese Padroado1454, the Macau Catholic Church has been closely associated with the Portuguese rulers of Macau in governing this 'Chinese territory under the Portuguese rule'. This church-state relationship in Macau before the Chinese takeover (1999) and after has become a client-patron relationship under the shadow of the Portuguese appeasement policy. In the context of the appeasement policy, this paper aims at discussing: (1) the close alliance between the Portuguese government and the Catholic Church in Macau, offering special privileges and convenience to the Church but weakening church capacity in evangelization and spiritual leadership; and (2) the interactions of the three actors in the triangular relationship among the Vatican, China and Macau.

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Sena, T. (2008). Macau’s Autonomy In Portuguese Historiography. Bulletin of Portuguese - Japanese Studies, 17, 79–112.

Macau’s status has never been a pacific topic even inside Portuguese historiography. Departing from Montalto de Jesus (1863-1932)’ controversial proposal to summit Macau’s administration to the League of Nations in the revised edition of his Historic Macao, 1926, the author aims to discuss the construction of the discourse on the autonomy of Macau, identify the roots of this concept, and explore its different meanings in works of some of the most relevant Portuguese and Macanese historians and authors on the topic during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

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Fernandes, M. da S. (2004). A “Revolução Cultural Chinesa em Macau”: A Resistência com êxito da Igreja Católica às tentativas de subjugação por parte da Elite Chinesa do enclave em 1967. Estudos Sobre a China VI, 867–902.

Hook, B., & Neves, M. S. (2002). The Role of Hong Kong and Macau in China’s Relations with Europe. The China Quarterly, 169, 108–135. https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.usj.edu.mo/stable/4618708

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Leung, B. (1998). Church-state relations in the decolonisation period: Hong Kong and Macau. Religion, State & Society, 26(1), 17–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637499808431802

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Saldanha, A. V. de. (1998). Documentos relativos à neutralidade portuguesa durante a I Guerra do Ópio: 1839-1842 (Vol. 1). Fundação Macau : Centro de Estudos das Relações Luso-Chinesas: Univ. de Macau.

Saldanha, A. V. de. (1998). Documentos relativos à neutralidade portuguesa durante a Revolta Taiping e as novas Guerras do Ópio: 1850-1860 (Vol. 2). Fundação Macau : Centro de Estudos das Relações Luso-Chinesas: Univ. de Macau.

Incidente entre o bispo e o governador de Macau (PT/AHD/3/MU-GM/GNP01-RNP/S0450/UI02099). (1969). Portugal. Arquivo Diplomático e Biblioteca do Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros. https://ahd.mne.gov.pt/Nyron/Archive/Catalog/winlibsrch.aspx?cap=&pesq=3&var3=PT%2fAHD%2f3%2fMU-GM%2fGNP01-RNP%2fS0450&doc=18624

Inclui informações e recortes de imprensa publicadas sobre a discordância entre o Bispo e o governador de Macau na sequência de um incidente do Colégio de S. José

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Tavares, P., & Pires, B. V. (1968). O Comunismo Chinês contra a Igreja Católica de Macau (PT/TT/AOS/D-N/25/34/35 (Arquivo Salazar, UL-57, cx. 852, pt.35); p. 131) [Report]. Portugal. Arquivos Nacionais da Torre do Tombo. https://digitarq.arquivos.pt/documentDetails/ef675e9151504336a9fe013cf9854d2c

This archival document, sourced from the Portuguese National Archive (ANTT) and dated October 6, 1968, is a formal report addressed to Joaquim da Silva Cunha, Minister of Overseas Territories, detailing escalating political and religious tensions in Macau during 1967. The report centers on ideological conflicts at Colégio de S. José, a Catholic educational institution, where leftist student movements aligned with communist factions challenged ecclesiastical authority. Key incidents include the public confrontation involving Father Rubini, the unauthorized posting of anti-imperialist and pro-communist propaganda within the school, and subsequent intimidation tactics employed by radicalized students. In response, Church authorities—led by Bishop D. Paulo Tavares and including figures such as Chantre António Ngân—formulated an official reply to the students’ demands, opting for written communication to avoid further direct confrontation. The report highlights the involvement of colonial officials, notably Brigadeiro Nobre de Carvalho, underscoring the intersection of religious, educational, and administrative spheres under Portuguese colonial governance. It also references strategic media operations, particularly the role of the communist-affiliated newspaper *Ou Mun* in disseminating partisan narratives, alongside government restrictions on Catholic publications, reflecting broader efforts to control public discourse. Situated within the Cold War context, the document illustrates how global ideological divisions manifested locally, fueling youth mobilization and challenging institutional authority.

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Tché, M. (1951, January 25). Carta de Matias Tché para Guilherme Braga da Cruz (PT/UCP/CEHR/AGBC/02/01112) [Letter to Guilherme Braga da Cruz]. Portugal. Universidade Católica Portuguesa. Centro de Estudos de História Religiosa. https://portal.cehr.ft.lisboa.ucp.pt/arquivos/index.php/carta-de-matias-tche-para-guilherme-braga-da-cruz-6

Informação acerca da sua missão na China, em condições cada vez mais difíceis, dado o avanço do comunismo.

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Revenues of the consulate and fiscalization of opium (Caixa 574). (1904). Portugal. Arquivo Diplomático e Biblioteca do Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros. https://bdm-files.usj.edu.mo/f/1436505

This official correspondence, dated August 16, 1904, was issued by the Consulate General of Portugal in Canton (Guangzhou) and addressed to a senior administrative authority within the Portuguese colonial administration. Situated within the broader context of Portuguese diplomatic and fiscal operations in China during the late Qing period, the document highlights significant developments in consular revenue and staffing. It reports a substantial increase in consulate income, which rose from 324 patacas twelve years prior to over 2,600 patacas under the current administration, with 1,518 patacas collected in the preceding four months alone. This financial growth is attributed to intensified consular activity and the enforcement of updated regulations that expanded service requirements and improved administrative precision. The primary purpose of the letter is to recommend the appointment of Sófocles José da Luz as Chancellor of the Consulate. The author emphasizes da Luz’s professional competence, his prior experience at the Portuguese Consulate in Macau, and his 120-year record of public service—likely a typographical or transcription error, possibly intended to signify long-standing familial or personal service—as a government amanuensis. At the time of writing, da Luz was employed in opium fiscalization on Taipa; the sender contends that this position could be abolished without adverse impact on state revenues. The request further includes a plea for da Luz’s prompt transfer to Macau to safeguard his accumulated seniority and ensure eligibility for retirement benefits under colonial service regulations. An accompanying personnel roster, though not transcribed, is referenced as supplementary evidence of administrative structure.

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Livro (cópia) manuscrito existente no arquivo do Leal Senado, mandada extrair por João José da Silva, juiz de Direito da Comarca de Macau. (B.S.G.L., Ms. com 310 fls., Res. 1-C-145, in Bol. Fil. Ult. Port., n.^o 17, pág. 24). (1886). [Documentos Manucritos]. Portugal. Biblioteca da Sociedade de Geografia de Lisboa.

Ofício do ouvidor-geral de Macau sobre o comércio do ópio. Tem vários documentos anexos. (ln Arq. Hist. - Col. Font. Hist. Cont. Port., pág. 124). (1829). Brasil. Biblioteca Nacional do Rio de Janeiro.

Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro

Ofício do Leal Senado da Câmara de Macau, ao secretário de Estado dos Negócios da Marinha e Ultramar, Joaquim José Monteiro Torres, que envia o requerimento do alferes-mor e escrivão da Câmara e Fazenda e da Mesa Grande da alfândega de Macau, Carlos José Pereira. (A.H.U. -MACAU, cx. 56, doc. n^o 72). (1826). [Oficio]. Portugal. Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino.

5 anexos.

Offcio do Leal Senado da Câmara de Macau, ao sccretário de Estado dos Negócios da Marinha e Ultramar, Joaquim José Monteiro Torres, que informa sobre a chegada de Macau e tomada de posse do lugar de ouvidor-geral do desembargador, Dr. José Filipe Pires da Costa. Pagamento de ordenados. Desempenho satisfatório do lugar. (A.H.U. -MACAU, cx. 56, doc. n^o 68). (1826). [Oficio]. Portugal. Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino.

António José Homem Rebelo Freire, guarda-mor da alfandega de Macau. (1826). Requerimento do guarda-mor da alfandega de Macau, António José Homem Rebelo Freire, a [D. Isabel Maria], (infanta regente de Portugal), a pedir a sucessão no lugar de guarda-mor da alfandega de Macau, por seu filho, Francisco Xavier Homem Rebelo Freire. (A.H.U. - MACAU, ex. 56, doc. n^o 52) [Requerimento]. Portugal. Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino.

Obs.: Como procurador, José Batista Ferreira da Costa.

Joaquim Mourão Garcês Palha, governador e capitão-geral de Macau. (1826). Oficio do [governador e capitão-geral de Macau], Joaquim Mourão Garcês Palha, ao secretário de Estado dos Negócios da Marinha e Ultramar, Joaquim José Monteiro Torres, sobre a recomendacão dos serviços prestados pelo administrador da alfandega de Macau, Domingos Pio Marques. (A.H.U. - MACAU, ex. 56, doc. n^o 51) [Oficio]. Portugal. Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino.

Obs.: Secretário de Estado dos Negócios da Marinha e Ultramar, Manuel Inácio da Costa Quintela, desde 1 de Agosto a 5 de Dezembro de 1826.

Francisco de Nossa Senhora da Luz Chacim, bispo de Macau. (1826). Oficio do Bispo de Macau, Frei Francisco [de Nossa Senhora da Luz Chacim], ao secretário de Estado dos Negócios da Marinha e Ultramar, Joaquim José Monteiro Torres, que apresenta a proposta de desenvolvimento do tráfico do ópio para a China. (A.H.U. - MACAU, cx. 56, doc. n^o 44) [Oficio]. Portugal. Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino.