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This 1926 diplomatic correspondence, consisting of two nearly identical dispatches dated 4 and 6 September and originating in Rome, reports on the impending consecration of two indigenous Chinese bishops by the Pope. Classified under Series A, No. 71, and addressed to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, the documents highlight the significance of the papal decision to personally conduct the consecration, underscoring its alignment with the Pope’s established policy of promoting and strengthening indigenous ecclesiastical leadership in Eastern territories. The repeated emphasis on the indigenous status of the bishops reflects a strategic shift within the Catholic Church towards localising clerical authority in mission regions during the early 20th century. Sent by an official identified only as J., the communications serve as formal notifications of a notable development in Sino-Vatican ecclesiastical relations and illustrate the intersection of religious authority and diplomatic protocol within the context of colonial-era missionary expansion. These documents provide primary evidence of institutional efforts to indigenise Christian leadership in China and offer insight into the Vatican’s engagement with non-European clergy during the interwar period. They are valuable for researchers examining religious diplomacy, colonialism, and the globalisation of Catholicism in the modern era.
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Annua del Collegio di Macao - Lettera annua di Giappone del M.DC.III. scritta dal P. Gabriel de Matos, al R.P. Claudio Acquaviva generale della Compagnia di Giesu: Con una delle Cina e delle Molluche [pp. 121-143 (1605, 1603)]
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This abstract describes an encrypted official telegram, designated ISR No. 19, dispatched by the Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ Cipher Services on 3 January 1968 to the Portuguese Embassy to the Holy See. The document is marked urgent and confidential, with transmission completed via telex at 20:35 after ciphering concluded at 20:00. Its principal subject concerns the relocation of the Diocese of Macau’s archival collection, confirmed as having been transferred in its entirety to Lisbon and deposited at the Oficinas de São José (St Joseph’s Workshops); only recent administrative files remain in Macau under the custody of Bishop D. Paulo for operational purposes. The telegram functions as a final addendum to Telegram No. 1 and bears marginal annotations indicating internal distribution, including a copy intended for an unspecified division and a right-aligned notation “PAA”, alongside an upper-left archival identifier “960472”. Authored by Farinha Fernandes of the Department of Foreign Affairs, the document carries no visible official seal or stamp and is signed solely by the author. It was printed in a run of 20,000 copies by S. & M., Lda. This source provides direct evidence of mid-twentieth-century Portuguese administrative practices concerning ecclesiastical archives in Macau, reflecting institutional coordination between diplomatic, foreign affairs, and religious authorities during the final decades of Portuguese administration.
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This is a diplomatic correspondence dated 1 June 1891, authored by Demétrio Cinatti, Portuguese Consul in Canton, and addressed to the Minister and Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. The document forms part of an official dispatch series from the Portuguese Consulate in Canton during 1891 and includes multiple annexes and indices referencing subsequent pages. It discusses Sino-Portuguese relations with particular focus on Macau’s territorial integrity and Chinese administrative encroachments. Key issues include opposition from Chinese authorities regarding Portuguese jurisdiction in Macau, tensions over Green Island (Ilha Verde), and the activities of local mandarins such as Sse and Chang Chi Tung, identified as the Viceroy of Liangguang. The consul reports that obstacles to diplomatic operations have eased due to interventions by the Governor of Macau, enabling access to interpreters. He expresses concern over growing Chinese influence in Taipa and Coloane, noting the significant disparity between the small European population and approximately 8,000 Chinese residents on these islands, which facilitates covert assertions of jurisdiction. The text highlights fears that Chinese officials may replicate tactics used in northern disputes within southern territories. Administrative practices, including falsified inspection reports by mandarins, are detailed as mechanisms to erode Portuguese sovereignty. Additional matters include the Hainan question, where delayed responses from the Viceroy reflect increasing indifference toward foreign claims, and anti-Christian unrest in northern China, attributed to secret societies and popular rumour. Economic observations note high rice prices in Guangdong and reliance on cheaper Siamese imports. The document also references ecclesiastical disputes over property rights in Hainan, asserting that chapels destroyed in 1884 were built and maintained at mission expense, thereby entitling Portugal to indemnity. Later sections address anti-foreign agitation in Canton, including inflammatory placards and arson attempts against missionary residences, prompting consular advisories and calls for naval reinforcement. The proposed appointment of a Chinese consul in Hong Kong is reported as withdrawn due to colonial opposition. Finally, press reports alleging Portugal’s intention to sell Macau are refuted, with emphasis on treaty prohibitions against alienation and recommendations for economic development instead. The material provides critical insight into late 19th-century colonial diplomacy, jurisdictional conflicts, and cross-cultural tensions in southern China under Qing administration.
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Informação acerca da sua missão na China, em condições cada vez mais difíceis, dado o avanço do comunismo.
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Primary Sources
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- Canada (1)
- Portugal (4)
- Vatican City State (1)
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