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This archival document is an imperial edict issued on the 28th day of the tenth month in the 41st year of the Qianlong reign (1776), originating from the Zongli Yamen—the Qing Dynasty’s Office for the General Management of Affairs Concerning Foreign Countries—as confirmed by its red rectangular seal bearing the characters ‘Zongli Yamen Dang’. The edict addresses the disposition of the estate of the deceased Chinese merchant Li Shebo, who died during commercial travel to Timor; his goods were subsequently shipped to Macau and placed under the custody of the local Judicial Officer pending identification of next of kin. The heir apparent of the Yishulide dynasty is formally designated as the closest surviving relative and instructed to assume custody, arrange sale, and coordinate with imperial officers, local guarantors, and interpreters at the designated premises. Recipients include foreign headmen—specifically named Ah-Li-Duo—and officials Estêvão de Sá and Zhou Li-shi, who received enumerated goods. The text references procedural requirements for official reporting to the County Magistracy, prohibits third-party or foreign commercial interference, and bears marginalia citing administrative authority rooted in the Dao and noting the ‘October of the fortieth year [of the reign]’ alongside a ‘Ding 48’ notation. Physical deterioration—including ink bleed, mould, seal abrasion, and torn archival markings—limits full legibility of marginal annotations and provenance details.

This abstract describes a Qing dynasty imperial edict issued on the 2nd day of the tenth lunar month in the forty-second year of the Qianlong reign (1777 CE) by Yang, Magistrate of Xiangshan County, addressed to foreign community leaders (yimu), including Vilaudo and others. The document mandates the procurement and delivery—within the first ten days of the tenth lunar month—of no less than four hundred catties (approximately 240 kg) of authentic foreign opium, characterised by its sharp, pungent odour and pale yellow, fine-grained appearance; it further directs the immediate despatch of an official envoy to Macau to purchase ornamental bottle caps for the storage and transport of this commodity. The edict references prior directives from the Provincial Administration Commissioner (fuxian) concerning tobacco snuff (bīyān) and rebukes foreign officials for allegedly false claims regarding vessel loss and lack of anchorage as excuses for non-compliance. Marginalia, multiple official seals—including one dated Qianlong 42 and another bearing the phrase ‘strictly prohibited; immediate action imperative’—and physical evidence of degradation (surface flaking, ink loss, indistinct stamps) are integral to the document’s material provenance. This edict constitutes a primary source for studying late eighteenth-century Sino-foreign commercial regulation, opium trade administration, local governance in Guangdong, and bureaucratic communication practices under the Qing dynasty.

This imperial edict, issued on the 28th day of the seventh month in the 41st year of the Qianlong reign (1776), is a formal proclamation by Yang, Magistrate of Xiangshan County, addressed to foreign headmen—including Wei Li’an and Wei Li Duo—operating in the Macau region. The document concerns the mandatory procurement and supply of tribute commodities, specifically 400+ taels of foreign opium and patterned glass bottles of an approved type, under established tributary regulations. It records that these items had been received and inventoried, with valuation submitted for official review, and directs the County Magistrate to despatch an official to Macau to procure and deliver the required quantity without discretion. The edict admonishes repeated delays in compliance, rejects excuses relating to vessel non-return from the “Lesser Western Ocean”, and censures prior secret sales as gravely inappropriate and requiring immediate correction. Marginalia identify the document as No. 313 in the Ding Series, No. 46, with a later circular seal of the Tokyo Chamber of Commerce dated June 1904 and a manuscript annotation “T46”. The text reflects Qing administrative procedures governing foreign trade and tribute obligations in the Pearl River Delta during the late eighteenth century, providing primary evidence of regulatory enforcement, commodity control, and Sino-foreign commercial interaction at the Macau frontier.

This is a Qing dynasty imperial edict issued on the 22nd day of the seventh month in the 41st year of the Qianlong reign (1776), originating from the office of the Magistrate Yang of a Guangdong prefecture and bearing multiple official seals, including the ‘Seal of Yang, Magistrate of the Prefecture’, a circular ‘Chí Sù’ (‘Without Delay’) seal, and the imperial ‘Seal of the Qianlong Emperor’s Personal Calligraphy’. The document directs the foreign headman Mr. Macarotto to submit a formal written report concerning a theft case involving the merchants João Agostinho, Bartholomew Whalley, and Macdonell—referred to in the text as ‘Bardi Lihwada’ and ‘Macdonell’—specifying their nationalities, the nature and description of goods they brought for trade in Guangdong, and the precise duration of their residence in the province. The directive originates from an official instruction by the Provincial Judicial Commissioner (Ancha) and is endorsed by the Provincial Governor and Imperial Censor. Marginalia include numerical notations (‘323’, ‘T45’, ‘Ren 476’) and damaged sections—particularly a large irregular paper loss in the lower right corner and a torn, frayed bottom margin—obscuring portions of the text. The edict reflects Qing administrative procedures for managing foreign residents and commercial disputes in southern China during the late eighteenth century.

This abstract describes an Imperial Edict issued by the Magistrate of Xiangshan County, Yang, addressed to António, the Foreign Headman of Macau, and dated during the late Qing dynasty (evidenced by the cyclical date ‘Ding Si-shi-si’ in the right-hand margin and the Guangdong Provincial Government seal). The document concerns a formal complaint lodged by António regarding coercive and monopolistic practices by unidentified vendors selling fresh fish on Rua do Campo (Camp Street) in Macau. The edict instructs the Foreign Headman to conduct an immediate investigation and submit a formal report identifying—by name—the individual responsible for acts of oppression and coercion against the fish-sellers. Marginalia include administrative notations (‘485’, ‘T44’, ‘Person 446’), a red-ink mark above the character ‘諭’ (indicating imperial or official promulgation), and two official seals: a circular red seal of the Guangdong Provincial Government and a partially obscured square red seal bearing illegible archaic seal script characters. The text reflects Qing-era bureaucratic procedures for inter-jurisdictional governance involving foreign residents in Macau, underscoring administrative oversight of commercial conduct and cross-cultural legal accountability within the treaty port context. Researchers will find this document valuable for studying late imperial Chinese local governance, Sino-Portuguese administrative relations in Macau, and the regulation of urban markets under Qing jurisdiction.

This archival document is an imperial edict issued in June 1776 (Qianlong 41st year, sixth month), bearing a red rectangular seal with Chinese characters and marginal annotation specifying the thirty-first day of that month. It was promulgated by the Left Magistrate to foreign headmen—including Yālūduō—and addressed to the ship’s master Huá Māoshū Xiǎoxiū. The edict transmits ‘Ship No. 23’, an official travel permit (*piào zhào*) issued under authority of the Military and Civil Administration (*Jūnmín Fǔ*), mandating the ship’s master’s immediate travel to Guangzhou—the provincial capital (*shěngchéng*)—to petition the Imperial Maritime Customs Commissioner (*Guān Xiàn*) for an additional official travel permit authorising onward passage. The document prescribes strict regulatory requirements: accurate declaration of all purchased goods; prohibition of under-declaration; submission of a detailed manifest upon return listing all imported goods for verification against the original permit; declaration and surrender of any surplus materials remaining on board after unloading to customs authorities for storage pending final settlement; and formal surrender of the original permit upon completion of all formalities. Non-compliance is explicitly prohibited. The edict concludes with confirmation of compliance and notes the enclosure of one official permit. This source provides direct evidence of Qing dynasty maritime administrative procedures, bureaucratic oversight of foreign commerce, and the regulatory framework governing foreign merchants and domestic shipping in late eighteenth-century Guangdong.

This archival document, dated the thirteenth day of the sixth lunar month in the forty-first year of the Qianlong reign (July 1776), is an official notice issued by Yang, Magistrate of Xiangshan County, addressed to foreign officials including Luo Luo Duo and others. It transmits and enforces directives originating from Li, Governor-General of Guangdong Province, concerning the procurement, quality standards, and delivery of tribute goods—specifically foreign snuff—for the Imperial Household. The document specifies strict requirements for the snuff: it must be genuine imported product characterised by a sharp (acidic) aroma, pale yellow hue, and fine, even granulation; declared values must be accurately stated; and adulterated or inferior substitutes are expressly rejected. It records the involvement of Mr. Nōkālā Huālú (Nócrá Falcão), master of vessel no. 17, then present in Macau, and mandates his vessel’s immediate return to Macau carrying the required consignment. The text further notes receipt and secure storage of upper-grade snuff and matching ‘luō luō duō’-type ornamental bottle caps, confirms settlement of accounts, prohibits private sale, and references earlier instructions from the Provincial Governor (Fuxian) and measures concerning currency regulation. The document bears multiple official seals and marginal annotations (T42, 1446, 314), reflecting its administrative provenance within the Qing imperial bureaucracy and its relevance to Sino-Western trade governance in the Pearl River Delta region.

This imperial edict, dated 16th day of the fifth lunar month in the sixty-first year of the Kangxi Emperor’s reign (1722 CE), and reissued with marginalia referencing the forty-first year of the Qianlong reign (1776 CE), is a formal administrative directive issued by Magistrate Yang of Xiangshan County to Wei Luo Duo, the Foreign Headman in Macau. The document concerns the regulation of foreign merchants resident in Macau and their trading vessels, specifically addressing the consignment of opium—measured in *lā*, a local unit approximating 0.57 kg—and snuff (*rapé*), identified with its Portuguese term and literal translation. It instructs the Foreign Headman to ensure that over four hundred *lā* of opium be reserved for official collection by county officers, who would subsequently settle the agreed price; merchants are explicitly prohibited from delaying or withholding delivery. The edict notes repeated deferrals causing administrative delay and adverse impact upon the tribute ceremony, which it deems unsuitable. Marginal annotations indicate archival classification (T4/, T41) and identification numbers (No. 168; Person No. 76). The text bears an official red square seal of indeterminate inscription. As a primary source, this document provides direct evidence of Qing dynasty provincial oversight of foreign trade, opium procurement practices, bureaucratic protocol, and Sino-Portuguese administrative interaction in Macau during the early eighteenth century.

This is a Qing dynasty imperial edict, dated 14 May 1776 (fourteenth day of the fifth month in the forty-first year of the Qianlong reign), issued by the Magistrate of Xiangshan County to foreign community leaders—specifically named as Tomás (Tunluóduō) and others—resident in Macau. The document addresses governance challenges arising from the mixed Chinese–foreign population in Macau, emphasising heightened surveillance and enforcement of existing prohibitions. It identifies three principal concerns: the conversion of Han Chinese subjects to Roman Catholicism, the employment of Chinese women as wet-nurses in foreign households—characterised as morally unrestrained and economically motivated—and the unauthorised construction of temporary dwellings harbouring vagrants and other undesirable persons. The edict mandates that foreign community leaders conduct prompt, thorough, and systematic investigations into these infractions and immediately report violations to the Xiangshan County yamen for prosecution under the Great Qing Code. Failure to report, or acts of concealment or complicity, is explicitly warned to incur official censure and disciplinary consequences. As an administrative instrument of local Qing authority, the edict reflects contemporary legal, religious, and social regulatory frameworks governing Sino-foreign interaction in Macau during the late eighteenth century, and serves as a primary source for examining colonial-era jurisdictional boundaries, cross-cultural governance, and state responses to demographic and religious change.

This is a Qing dynasty administrative proclamation issued on the twenty-eighth day of the fourth month in the forty-first year of the Qianlong reign (1776), originating from the Magistrate’s Office of Qingshan County and bearing its official red seal. The document is addressed to local officials and foreign community leaders—including ‘A-Li-Duo’ (Aledó) and other yìmù—in Macau, and concerns the enforcement of imperial regulations governing conduct, reporting obligations, and jurisdictional authority in the Macau enclave. It confirms the establishment of a Royal Commission vested with authority over public order among both Chinese and foreign residents in Macau, effective from the twenty-seventh day of the same month, and reiterates that governance and security responsibilities in Macau rest unequivocally with this Commission. The proclamation mandates strict supervision of foreign subjects by their designated leaders, prohibits disorderly conduct, and requires prompt official notification regarding foreign vessel departures and other regulated matters. Issued under Imperial Edict No. 325, it bears marginalia indicating the Deputy Magistrate for Macau—concurrently Assistant Magistrate of Xiangshan County and Acting Prefectural Secretary with three additional ranks—assumed office in the fourth month of the fortieth year of the Qianlong reign (April 1775). The document reflects formal Qing administrative procedures, jurisdictional delineation, and regulatory oversight of foreign presence in Macau during the late eighteenth century.

This archival document is a Qing dynasty Treasury Receipt issued in the twelfth month of the Qianlong 40th year (December 1775 CE) by Yáng, Magistrate of Yingde County and concurrently administrator of Xiangshan County, bearing five additional ranks and eight entries in the official record of meritorious service. The receipt certifies the deposit into the county treasury of two specified sums remitted by Western (Portuguese) Resident Officials stationed in Macau (referred to as Houjing’ao), namely the *Vintém*—a Portuguese municipal magistrate—and *Wēilíduō*, a transliteration likely corresponding to an officeholder named Vilhena or similar. The recorded payments comprise 500 taels of silver for land rent assessed on the Macau enclave and 15 taels of silver designated as subsidy (*yuànsī yǎnglián yín*) for the maintenance of Prefectural and Circuit-level yamen staff. Issued by the Chengfa Bureau (Office for Transmitting and Implementing Official Documents), the receipt was formally delivered to the foreign headmen—including Wēilíduō—for personal custody. Marginalia indicate administrative annotations including ‘83 Ding’ and ‘Two Senior Officials’, while multiple red square seals and a large red cursive character—possibly ‘Xíng’ (‘issued’) or ‘Suǒ’ (‘office’)—attest to its official provenance and authentication. This document provides primary evidence of fiscal administration, Sino-Portuguese institutional interaction, and local governance structures in Guangdong province during the mid-Qianlong era.

This archival document is an imperial edict issued on 12 June 1739 (11th day of the 5th month, 4th year of the Qianlong reign) by the Acting Magistrate of Chashan County, Magistrate Dai, under authority of the Maritime Defence and Civil-Military Prefectural Administration (Hai Fang Jun Min Fu) of Guangdong province. It addresses the unlawful construction of stone foundations for a water fortress (*Shui Cheng*) by the foreign resident *Ai-ai-zhu* at Chan Chu Shi (Toad Rock), a coastal promontory near Macau. The edict commands the Qing-appointed foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) to supervise *Ai-ai-zhu* in the immediate demolition and relocation of all newly laid foundations away from the site, and to submit a formally sealed compliance report (*Zun Yi Bao Fu*) without delay. The text records prior inspections, repeated admonitions, an official dispatch (*Xi*), and escalating administrative pressure due to non-compliance, culminating in a reissued urgent order threatening formal legal enforcement (*Tong Piao*). Key figures include Magistrate Dai, Prefect Kong of the Hai Fang Jun Min Fu, *Ai-ai-zhu*, and the *Yi Mu*. The document reflects Qing bureaucratic procedures for regulating foreign residents in the Macau–Guangdong maritime frontier, evidencing jurisdictional tensions, delegated authority, and enforcement mechanisms within mid-Qing coastal administration.

This archival document is an official tax receipt issued by Meng, Magistrate of Xiangshan County, on the eleventh day of the twelfth lunar month in the thirty-ninth year of the Qianlong reign (29 December 1774), certifying the remittance of land rent and associated payments for the Macau enclave (*Houjing’ao*) by Portuguese Overseas Affairs Magistrates, including *Weiluoduo*. The receipt records the deposit into the county treasury of five hundred taels of silver as annual land rent, plus fifteen taels designated as the ‘integrity allowance’ (*yanglian yin*) for the provincial judicial commissioner (*yuan si*). It bears the official red seal of the Xiangshan County Magistrate and the certification signature of *Weiluoduo*, reflecting Qing administrative oversight of Macau’s fiscal obligations under the tributary and leasehold framework. Marginalia include a large red character *She*, indicating that the sum was recorded in the official accounts as owed but not yet fully settled in cash—a standard Qing fiscal notation (*she zhang*). The document originates from the Xiangshan County yamen and forms part of the historical record of Sino-Portuguese administrative and fiscal relations in the late eighteenth century. Archival references are 368 and 1445, with the document paginated as T36. This receipt serves as primary evidence for studying Qing local governance, cross-cultural taxation practices, and the legal-administrative status of Macau during the Qianlong period.

This is an official Qing dynasty treasury receipt issued in the twelfth month of the Qianlong 37th year (AD 1772) by the Magistrate of Xiangshan County, Guangzhou Prefecture, His Excellency Fu, a high-ranking official promoted three grades and recorded three times for meritorious service. The document certifies the receipt of two payments deposited into the county treasury by the Western Resident Magistrate—Mr. Ailiduo (a Portuguese administrative official appointed by the Macau Senate to represent foreign interests before Chinese authorities)—and others acting on behalf of the Haojing’ao (the official Qing designation for Macau, then an enclave under Qing jurisdiction). The sum received comprises five hundred taels of silver as land rent for Qianlong 37 from Haojing’ao, and fifteen taels of silver as the magistrate’s personal stipend (*yanglian yin*, or ‘integrity maintenance silver’), a supplementary allowance intended to deter corruption. The receipt bears marginalia indicating archival handling instructions, multiple red square seals with illegible characters, and archival markings including ‘T35’, ‘Luch. 471’, ‘Shw 1773’, and numerical codes ‘350’, ‘480’, and ‘1≠≠3’. As a formal fiscal instrument, it documents inter-administrative financial relations between Qing local government and Portuguese Macau during the late eighteenth century, reflecting institutional mechanisms of taxation, cross-cultural governance, and colonial-era fiscal accountability within the Qing bureaucratic framework.

This archival document is an official treasury receipt issued by the Commissioner of Xiangshan County, Guangzhou Prefecture, on the thirteenth day of the twelfth month of the thirty-sixth year of the Qianlong reign (1772 CE). It records the receipt of silver payments from the Western Resident Magistrates (Xiyang Lizhiguan), specifically naming An Lido as one of the contributors. The sum deposited into the county treasury comprises two distinct fiscal items: 500 taels of silver designated as land rent for Macau (Houjing’ao) and 15 taels allocated for the maintenance of magistrates and clerks (Yuan Si Yanglian yin). The document bears multiple official seals—including a red circular seal of indeterminate inscription and a red square seal reading ‘Seal of Xiangshan County’—and includes marginal annotations identifying it as an ‘Official Treasury Receipt’ and noting compliance ‘in accordance with instructions’. Issued under the authority of a high-ranking county official holding four additional ranks and augmented rank status, and recorded seven times for meritorious service, the receipt serves as formal verification of fiscal transfer between local administrative bodies in the Qing imperial bureaucracy. Its provenance is confirmed by the archival reference T34 and pagination (page 346, entry 1472). This primary source is of significant value for scholarly research into Qing-era taxation, Sino-Portuguese administrative relations in Macau, local governance structures in Guangdong, and the financial mechanisms underpinning frontier jurisdiction during the eighteenth century.

This archival document is an urgent Qing dynasty administrative warrant issued in the twelfth month of the Qianlong thirty-second year (December 1767–January 1768) by the Acting Magistrate of Xiangshan County, Guangzhou Prefecture—identified as Zhang—with three additional ranks of honour and five recorded commendations. It concerns the inter-county transfer (*guān yí*) of jurisdiction over Wu Defei (also known as Dehui), a comprador (*mǎibàn*) serving foreign merchants (*fānguǐ*) in Macau, who stands accused of abduction, enticement, and unlawful flight. The warrant directs the Portuguese-appointed foreign headman (*Yí mù*) Lo Ló Duō—likely a transliteration of Lourenço do Rosário—and other relevant Macau officials to immediately apprehend Wu Defei and surrender him to a designated Xiangshan constable for escort back to Xiangshan County for judicial interrogation and trial. The document bears multiple official seals, including the red rectangular seal of the Magistrate of Xiangshan County (*Xiāngshān Xiàn Zhèngtáng*), marginalia marking it as a ‘red-list document’ (*hóng dān*) signifying high priority, and notation indicating attachment of supporting documentation (the original *guān yí* from Nanhai County). It reflects formal Sino-Portuguese administrative coordination in Macau during the mid-Qing period and constitutes a primary source for studying local governance, cross-jurisdictional legal procedure, and the role of intermediaries in Sino-foreign commercial relations.

This archival document is an official treasury receipt issued on the 21st day of the eleventh lunar month in the thirty-second year of the Qianlong reign (13 December 1767) by Zhang, Acting Magistrate of Xiangshan County, Guangzhou Prefecture, who held three additional grades of seniority and had been recorded five times for meritorious service. The receipt certifies the remittance of silver funds to the county treasury by the Portuguese Resident Officials of Macau, specifically *Comissário* António da Silva (referred to as ‘An-lai-duo’), and serves as formal acknowledgement of payment. It records two distinct fiscal transfers: 500 taels of silver as land rent assessed for Macau (Houjing’ao) for the same Qianlong year, and 15 taels of silver designated as the magistracy’s stipend subsidy (*yanglian yin*), allocated by the Provincial Administration Commission (*Yuan*) and the Circuit Intendant (*Si*). The document bears two red square official seals—one inscribed “Office of the Magistrate of Xiangshan County, Guangzhou Prefecture” and the other “Seal of Xiangshan County”—and includes marginalia indicating internal administrative handling, including an instruction that implementation be ordered in accordance with official directives and a notation specifying that the receipt is issued to António da Silva and his associates for their observance. Archival reference numbers T32 and 1467 appear repeatedly, and the document is paginated as T32 353. This primary source provides direct evidence of Qing fiscal administration, Sino-Portuguese administrative coordination in Macau, and the institutional mechanisms governing revenue collection and intergovernmental financial relations in mid-eighteenth-century Guangdong.

This is a formal imperial proclamation issued on the nineteenth day of the tenth lunar month in the thirty-second year of the Qianlong reign (1767) by Xīng, Magistrate of Xiāngshān County, Guǎngzhōu Prefecture, under authority delegated from the Provincial Governor (*Dūxiàn*) and the Military and Civil Administration (*Jūnmín Fǔ*). Addressed to the foreign headmen (*yímù*) of Macau—including Wēiláiduō and others—the document mandates structural reforms to the annual Macau–Canton trade delegation (*jiélèisī*, rendered as ‘Jelaisi’), requiring it henceforth to operate under the same official permit (*pái*) as merchants from other foreign nations. It stipulates that delegation members must reside temporarily in Macau at premises assigned to foreign merchants and travel collectively to Guangzhou the following summer under a joint permit. The proclamation orders immediate preparation of official lodgings (*gōngguǎn*) in Macau, convening of the eight principal foreign headmen (*bā tóumù*), and assembly of interpreters (*shāng tōngshì*) at the designated residence to receive further instructions. It further announces the Magistrate’s personal visit to Macau on the twenty-first day of the current lunar month to deliver the Provincial Governor’s edict. The document bears multiple official seals, including the *Guǎngzhōu Fǔ Xiāngshān Xiàn Zhèngtáng Guānfáng*, the character *Yù* (‘Proclamation’), and a registration stamp (*Dēng nèi hào qì*), alongside archival markings (354/T31/2467) and an illegible wax seal.

This archival document is an official edict issued in September 1767 (Qianlong 32nd year, ninth month) by Magistrate Zhang, Chief Magistrate of Xiangshan County, addressed to foreign residents—including Ailuo Duo—residing in Macau. The edict concerns the 1762 (Qianlong 27th year) apprehension and deportation of Buddhist monks from the Great and Small Sām Pá Temples—identified as the Jesuit churches of São Paulo and Santo Agostinho in Macau—and demands a comprehensive, verified report on three matters: the total number of individuals apprehended; their full personal particulars, including nationality, names, and ages; and the subsequent disposition of the case in their home country, specifically the monarch’s adjudication, any official notification sent to Chinese authorities, and confessions implicating Deng Leisi (Domingos da Costa, SJ) or revealing accomplices aware of his activities. The document bears multiple imperial and official seals—including a red square seal dated Qianlong 32nd year, ninth month; a circular ‘illegible imperial seal’; a ‘Su’ (‘Urgent’) seal; and an ‘illegible official seal’—and features traditional authentication marks such as the *Hua* (‘Flower’) annotation indicating formal promulgation. It constitutes a primary source for studying Qing imperial administration, Sino-foreign legal interactions in Macau, Jesuit presence in late imperial China, and colonial-era religious regulation under the Qianlong reign.

This archival document is an official Qing dynasty placard (*pái*) issued on the fifteenth day of the ninth month of the thirty-second year of the Qianlong reign (1767) by the Sub-prefecture (*tīng*) of Xiangshan County, Guangzhou Prefecture. It concerns the administrative handling of *Gāngākām*, a foreigner under disciplinary custody, following his punishment by Nanhai County authorities—including public cangue, corporal punishment, and silver fines—and subsequent transfer to Xiangshan jurisdiction. The document directs the Deputy Magistrate of Xiangshan County to escort *Gāngākām* to Macau for formal handover to Lōuluōduō, the Macau *yìmù* (foreign headman), and mandates that he be placed under the supervision and restraint of his relatives, with strict prohibition on further movement or disruptive conduct. It specifies procedural requirements: submission of a written acknowledgement of custody (*shōuguǎn zhuàng*) by the *yìmù*, a formal receipt (*lǐngzhuàng*) from the relatives (three copies each), an official stamped receipt (*huìzhào*) for attending bailiffs, and formal reporting to the Military and Civil Administration (*Jūnmín Fǔ*) and Prefect. The text bears multiple red-ink seals and annotations—including ‘Approved’ (*Zhǔn*), ‘To proceed’ (*Xíngzǒu*), and ‘Comply’ (*Zūn*)—and reflects standard Qing bureaucratic formulae governing inter-county and Sino-foreign administrative coordination in the Pearl River Delta. The document is physically fragile, with faded ink and damage affecting marginalia and seals; transcriptions are based on palaeographic analysis and contextual verification.