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This abstract describes a bilingual historical document comprising an imperial edict issued in the forty-second year of the Qianlong reign (1777), specifically on the second day of the seventh lunar month, and bearing marginalia dated to the Ren Yin year—contextually aligned with 1777 rather than other possible sexagenary cycle equivalents. The document is an official proclamation issued by Guan, Acting Prefect of the Guangzhou Maritime Defence Prefecture for Military and Civil Affairs, addressed to the foreign headman of Macau. It transmits an imperial directive originally promulgated by Li, Governor-General of Guangdong Province, concerning trade regulation and agricultural policy in Guangdong. Key provisions include: the prohibition of foreign (termed ‘Oceanic Barbarian’) vessels engaged in cotton trade from entering Guangdong ports, issued under direct imperial command; and a subsequent imperial rescission of the provincial ban on cotton cultivation. The text bears multiple official seals, including those of the Guangzhou Maritime Defence Prefecture, the Office of the Guangzhou Prefecture for Military and Administrative Affairs, and the National Archive of the Torre do Tombo, indicating its archival provenance and administrative circulation. The document reflects Qing-era governance mechanisms, Sino-foreign diplomatic protocol, and the interplay between imperial authority, provincial administration, and maritime trade oversight in late eighteenth-century Guangdong. It is a primary source of significance for scholars examining Qing legal administration, colonial-era commercial regulation, and cross-cultural diplomatic communication in southern China.

This abstract describes a Qing dynasty imperial edict issued on the eighteenth day of the sixth lunar month in the forty-second year of the Qianlong reign (AD 1777) by Yáng, Magistrate of Xiangshan County, addressed to António da Silva (‘An Sǎo’), headman of the foreign community in Macau, and other relevant parties. The document concerns the annual springtime tribute requisition for the Duanjie Festival, specifically mandating the procurement and delivery of high-quality European snuff (‘yangyan’) as one designated tribute item. It references prior directives from Yáng, Governor-General of Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces, requiring Xiangshan County to ascertain established precedent, prepare the requisite quantity, and dispatch it via special courier to the Provincial Administration Office before the Governor-General’s departure for the capital. The edict further stipulates that returning vessels must immediately surrender all cargoes—including snuff and associated bottle caps—to county authorities for official valuation and purchase, prohibiting private sale under penalty of censure. Marginalia note non-dispatch and arrival dates (22nd), reference code ‘T54’, and affirm the binding authority of tribute regulations. The document bears multiple red seals, including the magistrate’s office seal and a circular seal endorsing the marginal note on tribute protocol.

This official edict, issued on the twentieth day of the fifth month in the forty-second year of the Qianlong reign (1777), originates from the Assistant Magistrate for Maritime Defence of Guangzhou Prefecture and is preserved in the National Archives of Torre do Tombo (Portugal). The document constitutes a formal administrative directive addressed to foreign superintendents (Yímù) and local officials concerning the regulation of cotton trade involving Western vessels in Guangzhou and Macau. It strictly prohibits Portuguese subjects from coercing or soliciting Chinese fishing boats and sampans for clandestine transport or supply; forbids the storage or transhipment of cotton in Macau; bans private trading with local Chinese subjects; and mandates that all cotton loaded by foreign vessels must be fully exported to their country of origin, with no concealment within Guangdong Province. Foreign officials are required to submit detailed quantitative inventories to the Magistrate’s Office, unload and store goods exclusively within the designated Canton residence, and maintain continuous oversight. Collusion by local shopkeepers in smuggling is to be reported immediately to the Prefectural Office for escalation to provincial authorities. The edict underscores zero tolerance for leniency, emphasising strict, immediate compliance under threat of disciplinary action. Marginalia and multiple imperial- and prefecture-level seals—including those bearing inscriptions ‘T53’, ‘Ruì # Jǐng #’, and ‘Ding 53’—attest to its bureaucratic provenance and enforcement chain.

This archival document is an official summons issued by the Magistrate of Xiangshan County, Yang, addressed to the Portuguese authorities in Macau, concerning regulatory compliance for two Chinese merchant vessels—numbered 22 and 7—intended for commercial trade with Luzon (the Philippines). Dated 29 February of the current year according to the main text, the notice references prior reporting by the Grain Administration and acknowledges receipt of communication from the Customs Department. It records the failure of foreign superintendents to report the vessels’ departure dates, deeming this omission highly irregular. The summons mandates immediate submission—by the present day—to an official messenger of: (1) the scheduled departure date and a full inventory of all artillery and firearms aboard; and (2) the complete names of all European and non-European personnel on board. The document bears multiple archival marks, including a circular red seal identifying the Chinese Maritime Customs Service (1907), a faint rectangular stamp with illegible East Asian script, and a square seal with indistinct Chinese characters in dark blue or black ink. Marginalia indicate a possible earlier dating to the twentieth day of the second month of the forty-first year of the Qianlong reign (1776), though this conflicts chronologically with the 1907 seal and the Gregorian date of 29 February; the numerical annotation ‘T52’ and marginal figure ‘164’ are also present. The sheet exhibits significant physical deterioration, including fragmentation, foxing, and water staining.

This abstract describes a Chinese official treasury receipt (*kushou*) issued on the 24th day of the 12th month of the *Qianlong* 41st year (13 January 1777, Gregorian calendar) by Yang, Magistrate of Xiangshan County, Guangzhou Prefecture, holding Rank Nine and acting under imperial instruction. The document records the formal acceptance of silver payments from Western Resident Officials—specifically Anleduo and others—relating to fiscal obligations for the year *Qianlong* 44 (1779). It certifies receipt of two sums: 500 taels of silver as land rent levied on the Macau enclave (*Houjing’ao*), and 15 taels as a subsistence allowance (*yanglian yin*) for the provincial governor’s office and circuit intendant’s office. Notably, these funds were exempted from storage in the county treasury pending further directive. The receipt was issued by the Clerk’s Office (*Chengfa Fang*) and formally addressed to the foreign headman *Anlueduo* for personal custody and record-keeping. The document bears two red square seals: the *Xiangshan County Seal* and the *Office of Administration* (*Jingli Yamen*) seal. Marginalia indicate external endorsement dated ‘With December 1777’ and classify it as a county-level directive. Archival references include 295/751, 12 T/444 A, and TSL. This primary source is significant for research into Qing-era Sino-foreign fiscal administration, Macau’s legal and economic status under Chinese sovereignty, and local governance practices in Guangdong during the late eighteenth century.

This abstract describes an imperial mandate issued on the 14th day of the 11th lunar month in Qianlong 41 (28 November 1776) by Yang, Magistrate of Xiangshan County, Guangzhou Prefecture, holding the rank of *Zhèng Bāpǐn* with five additional promotions and eight commendations, concerning the urgent collection of land rents and grain-tax silver from the Macau (*Háojìng Ào*) enclave. The document, bearing the official seal of the Magistrate’s Clerk (*Diǎnshǐ*) of Xiangshan County, addresses the Western (Portuguese) Community Magistrates—including *Duo Luo Gan*—as foreign headmen (*Yí Mù*), directing them to complete immediate and full collection of the outstanding Qianlong 41 tax revenues and remit the silver without delay to the Xiangshan County office. It specifies that these funds, traditionally recorded in the *Dīng-Dì* (‘Population-and-Land’) tax registers and forwarded to the provincial treasury, were required for disbursement as soldiers’ stipends via the provincial military paymaster. The mandate was received and registered in the Waiting Office (*Chéng Hòu Fáng*) and bears multiple official endorsements, including ‘Approved’ (*Pī*) and marginalia indicating Xiangshan County and a submission deadline. Archival reference numbers ‘483 T59 1976’ appear repeatedly, with handwritten annotation ‘T59’ confirming its classification. This primary source provides direct evidence of Qing administrative oversight of Macau’s fiscal obligations during the late eighteenth century and reflects formal Sino-Portuguese administrative interaction under imperial jurisdiction.

This abstract describes an Imperial Edict issued on the eleventh day of the eleventh month in the forty-first year of the Qianlong reign (1776), originating from the Macau Customs Office under the authority of the Qing imperial administration. The document is a formal administrative injunction addressed to foreign merchants—including Tó Lái Duō and Lóluōduō—and directed at Portuguese officials operating in Macau, notably the foreign headman (yí mù) Anlaiduo (An-lai-to) and Vileto (Wei Lai Duo), as well as junior clerks (lóu luō). It concerns the vessel *Qiu Bo Luo Shen Ya Li* (also referenced as *Ji Bo Luo Shen Ya Li* or *Chibolosheniali*), registered number 21, which was detained at Macau, damaged by a gale, and subsequently wrecked off Costa Rica. The edict mandates strict enforcement of longstanding customs regulations requiring classification and duty assessment of all Portuguese vessels—new and existing—based on beam measurement (liangtou) and dimensions, rejecting exemptions for small craft. It orders immediate recovery of outstanding vessel duties, assigns direct accountability to designated Portuguese intermediaries, threatens suspension of trade permits and official correspondence for non-compliance, and requires a formal report detailing implementation. The document bears two official seals: a red circular imperial seal over the character 諭 and a red rectangular seal inscribed ‘Official Seal of the Macau Captaincy’.

This archival document is an imperial edict issued on the 28th day of the tenth month in the 41st year of the Qianlong reign (1776), originating from the Zongli Yamen—the Qing Dynasty’s Office for the General Management of Affairs Concerning Foreign Countries—as confirmed by its red rectangular seal bearing the characters ‘Zongli Yamen Dang’. The edict addresses the disposition of the estate of the deceased Chinese merchant Li Shebo, who died during commercial travel to Timor; his goods were subsequently shipped to Macau and placed under the custody of the local Judicial Officer pending identification of next of kin. The heir apparent of the Yishulide dynasty is formally designated as the closest surviving relative and instructed to assume custody, arrange sale, and coordinate with imperial officers, local guarantors, and interpreters at the designated premises. Recipients include foreign headmen—specifically named Ah-Li-Duo—and officials Estêvão de Sá and Zhou Li-shi, who received enumerated goods. The text references procedural requirements for official reporting to the County Magistracy, prohibits third-party or foreign commercial interference, and bears marginalia citing administrative authority rooted in the Dao and noting the ‘October of the fortieth year [of the reign]’ alongside a ‘Ding 48’ notation. Physical deterioration—including ink bleed, mould, seal abrasion, and torn archival markings—limits full legibility of marginal annotations and provenance details.

This abstract describes a Qing dynasty imperial edict issued on the 2nd day of the tenth lunar month in the forty-second year of the Qianlong reign (1777 CE) by Yang, Magistrate of Xiangshan County, addressed to foreign community leaders (yimu), including Vilaudo and others. The document mandates the procurement and delivery—within the first ten days of the tenth lunar month—of no less than four hundred catties (approximately 240 kg) of authentic foreign opium, characterised by its sharp, pungent odour and pale yellow, fine-grained appearance; it further directs the immediate despatch of an official envoy to Macau to purchase ornamental bottle caps for the storage and transport of this commodity. The edict references prior directives from the Provincial Administration Commissioner (fuxian) concerning tobacco snuff (bīyān) and rebukes foreign officials for allegedly false claims regarding vessel loss and lack of anchorage as excuses for non-compliance. Marginalia, multiple official seals—including one dated Qianlong 42 and another bearing the phrase ‘strictly prohibited; immediate action imperative’—and physical evidence of degradation (surface flaking, ink loss, indistinct stamps) are integral to the document’s material provenance. This edict constitutes a primary source for studying late eighteenth-century Sino-foreign commercial regulation, opium trade administration, local governance in Guangdong, and bureaucratic communication practices under the Qing dynasty.

This imperial edict, issued on the 28th day of the seventh month in the 41st year of the Qianlong reign (1776), is a formal proclamation by Yang, Magistrate of Xiangshan County, addressed to foreign headmen—including Wei Li’an and Wei Li Duo—operating in the Macau region. The document concerns the mandatory procurement and supply of tribute commodities, specifically 400+ taels of foreign opium and patterned glass bottles of an approved type, under established tributary regulations. It records that these items had been received and inventoried, with valuation submitted for official review, and directs the County Magistrate to despatch an official to Macau to procure and deliver the required quantity without discretion. The edict admonishes repeated delays in compliance, rejects excuses relating to vessel non-return from the “Lesser Western Ocean”, and censures prior secret sales as gravely inappropriate and requiring immediate correction. Marginalia identify the document as No. 313 in the Ding Series, No. 46, with a later circular seal of the Tokyo Chamber of Commerce dated June 1904 and a manuscript annotation “T46”. The text reflects Qing administrative procedures governing foreign trade and tribute obligations in the Pearl River Delta during the late eighteenth century, providing primary evidence of regulatory enforcement, commodity control, and Sino-foreign commercial interaction at the Macau frontier.

This is a Qing dynasty imperial edict issued on the 22nd day of the seventh month in the 41st year of the Qianlong reign (1776), originating from the office of the Magistrate Yang of a Guangdong prefecture and bearing multiple official seals, including the ‘Seal of Yang, Magistrate of the Prefecture’, a circular ‘Chí Sù’ (‘Without Delay’) seal, and the imperial ‘Seal of the Qianlong Emperor’s Personal Calligraphy’. The document directs the foreign headman Mr. Macarotto to submit a formal written report concerning a theft case involving the merchants João Agostinho, Bartholomew Whalley, and Macdonell—referred to in the text as ‘Bardi Lihwada’ and ‘Macdonell’—specifying their nationalities, the nature and description of goods they brought for trade in Guangdong, and the precise duration of their residence in the province. The directive originates from an official instruction by the Provincial Judicial Commissioner (Ancha) and is endorsed by the Provincial Governor and Imperial Censor. Marginalia include numerical notations (‘323’, ‘T45’, ‘Ren 476’) and damaged sections—particularly a large irregular paper loss in the lower right corner and a torn, frayed bottom margin—obscuring portions of the text. The edict reflects Qing administrative procedures for managing foreign residents and commercial disputes in southern China during the late eighteenth century.

This abstract describes an Imperial Edict issued by the Magistrate of Xiangshan County, Yang, addressed to António, the Foreign Headman of Macau, and dated during the late Qing dynasty (evidenced by the cyclical date ‘Ding Si-shi-si’ in the right-hand margin and the Guangdong Provincial Government seal). The document concerns a formal complaint lodged by António regarding coercive and monopolistic practices by unidentified vendors selling fresh fish on Rua do Campo (Camp Street) in Macau. The edict instructs the Foreign Headman to conduct an immediate investigation and submit a formal report identifying—by name—the individual responsible for acts of oppression and coercion against the fish-sellers. Marginalia include administrative notations (‘485’, ‘T44’, ‘Person 446’), a red-ink mark above the character ‘諭’ (indicating imperial or official promulgation), and two official seals: a circular red seal of the Guangdong Provincial Government and a partially obscured square red seal bearing illegible archaic seal script characters. The text reflects Qing-era bureaucratic procedures for inter-jurisdictional governance involving foreign residents in Macau, underscoring administrative oversight of commercial conduct and cross-cultural legal accountability within the treaty port context. Researchers will find this document valuable for studying late imperial Chinese local governance, Sino-Portuguese administrative relations in Macau, and the regulation of urban markets under Qing jurisdiction.

This archival document is an imperial edict issued in June 1776 (Qianlong 41st year, sixth month), bearing a red rectangular seal with Chinese characters and marginal annotation specifying the thirty-first day of that month. It was promulgated by the Left Magistrate to foreign headmen—including Yālūduō—and addressed to the ship’s master Huá Māoshū Xiǎoxiū. The edict transmits ‘Ship No. 23’, an official travel permit (*piào zhào*) issued under authority of the Military and Civil Administration (*Jūnmín Fǔ*), mandating the ship’s master’s immediate travel to Guangzhou—the provincial capital (*shěngchéng*)—to petition the Imperial Maritime Customs Commissioner (*Guān Xiàn*) for an additional official travel permit authorising onward passage. The document prescribes strict regulatory requirements: accurate declaration of all purchased goods; prohibition of under-declaration; submission of a detailed manifest upon return listing all imported goods for verification against the original permit; declaration and surrender of any surplus materials remaining on board after unloading to customs authorities for storage pending final settlement; and formal surrender of the original permit upon completion of all formalities. Non-compliance is explicitly prohibited. The edict concludes with confirmation of compliance and notes the enclosure of one official permit. This source provides direct evidence of Qing dynasty maritime administrative procedures, bureaucratic oversight of foreign commerce, and the regulatory framework governing foreign merchants and domestic shipping in late eighteenth-century Guangdong.

This archival document, dated the thirteenth day of the sixth lunar month in the forty-first year of the Qianlong reign (July 1776), is an official notice issued by Yang, Magistrate of Xiangshan County, addressed to foreign officials including Luo Luo Duo and others. It transmits and enforces directives originating from Li, Governor-General of Guangdong Province, concerning the procurement, quality standards, and delivery of tribute goods—specifically foreign snuff—for the Imperial Household. The document specifies strict requirements for the snuff: it must be genuine imported product characterised by a sharp (acidic) aroma, pale yellow hue, and fine, even granulation; declared values must be accurately stated; and adulterated or inferior substitutes are expressly rejected. It records the involvement of Mr. Nōkālā Huālú (Nócrá Falcão), master of vessel no. 17, then present in Macau, and mandates his vessel’s immediate return to Macau carrying the required consignment. The text further notes receipt and secure storage of upper-grade snuff and matching ‘luō luō duō’-type ornamental bottle caps, confirms settlement of accounts, prohibits private sale, and references earlier instructions from the Provincial Governor (Fuxian) and measures concerning currency regulation. The document bears multiple official seals and marginal annotations (T42, 1446, 314), reflecting its administrative provenance within the Qing imperial bureaucracy and its relevance to Sino-Western trade governance in the Pearl River Delta region.

This imperial edict, dated 16th day of the fifth lunar month in the sixty-first year of the Kangxi Emperor’s reign (1722 CE), and reissued with marginalia referencing the forty-first year of the Qianlong reign (1776 CE), is a formal administrative directive issued by Magistrate Yang of Xiangshan County to Wei Luo Duo, the Foreign Headman in Macau. The document concerns the regulation of foreign merchants resident in Macau and their trading vessels, specifically addressing the consignment of opium—measured in *lā*, a local unit approximating 0.57 kg—and snuff (*rapé*), identified with its Portuguese term and literal translation. It instructs the Foreign Headman to ensure that over four hundred *lā* of opium be reserved for official collection by county officers, who would subsequently settle the agreed price; merchants are explicitly prohibited from delaying or withholding delivery. The edict notes repeated deferrals causing administrative delay and adverse impact upon the tribute ceremony, which it deems unsuitable. Marginal annotations indicate archival classification (T4/, T41) and identification numbers (No. 168; Person No. 76). The text bears an official red square seal of indeterminate inscription. As a primary source, this document provides direct evidence of Qing dynasty provincial oversight of foreign trade, opium procurement practices, bureaucratic protocol, and Sino-Portuguese administrative interaction in Macau during the early eighteenth century.

This is a Qing dynasty imperial edict, dated 14 May 1776 (fourteenth day of the fifth month in the forty-first year of the Qianlong reign), issued by the Magistrate of Xiangshan County to foreign community leaders—specifically named as Tomás (Tunluóduō) and others—resident in Macau. The document addresses governance challenges arising from the mixed Chinese–foreign population in Macau, emphasising heightened surveillance and enforcement of existing prohibitions. It identifies three principal concerns: the conversion of Han Chinese subjects to Roman Catholicism, the employment of Chinese women as wet-nurses in foreign households—characterised as morally unrestrained and economically motivated—and the unauthorised construction of temporary dwellings harbouring vagrants and other undesirable persons. The edict mandates that foreign community leaders conduct prompt, thorough, and systematic investigations into these infractions and immediately report violations to the Xiangshan County yamen for prosecution under the Great Qing Code. Failure to report, or acts of concealment or complicity, is explicitly warned to incur official censure and disciplinary consequences. As an administrative instrument of local Qing authority, the edict reflects contemporary legal, religious, and social regulatory frameworks governing Sino-foreign interaction in Macau during the late eighteenth century, and serves as a primary source for examining colonial-era jurisdictional boundaries, cross-cultural governance, and state responses to demographic and religious change.

This is a Qing dynasty administrative proclamation issued on the twenty-eighth day of the fourth month in the forty-first year of the Qianlong reign (1776), originating from the Magistrate’s Office of Qingshan County and bearing its official red seal. The document is addressed to local officials and foreign community leaders—including ‘A-Li-Duo’ (Aledó) and other yìmù—in Macau, and concerns the enforcement of imperial regulations governing conduct, reporting obligations, and jurisdictional authority in the Macau enclave. It confirms the establishment of a Royal Commission vested with authority over public order among both Chinese and foreign residents in Macau, effective from the twenty-seventh day of the same month, and reiterates that governance and security responsibilities in Macau rest unequivocally with this Commission. The proclamation mandates strict supervision of foreign subjects by their designated leaders, prohibits disorderly conduct, and requires prompt official notification regarding foreign vessel departures and other regulated matters. Issued under Imperial Edict No. 325, it bears marginalia indicating the Deputy Magistrate for Macau—concurrently Assistant Magistrate of Xiangshan County and Acting Prefectural Secretary with three additional ranks—assumed office in the fourth month of the fortieth year of the Qianlong reign (April 1775). The document reflects formal Qing administrative procedures, jurisdictional delineation, and regulatory oversight of foreign presence in Macau during the late eighteenth century.

This archival document is a Qing dynasty Treasury Receipt issued in the twelfth month of the Qianlong 40th year (December 1775 CE) by Yáng, Magistrate of Yingde County and concurrently administrator of Xiangshan County, bearing five additional ranks and eight entries in the official record of meritorious service. The receipt certifies the deposit into the county treasury of two specified sums remitted by Western (Portuguese) Resident Officials stationed in Macau (referred to as Houjing’ao), namely the *Vintém*—a Portuguese municipal magistrate—and *Wēilíduō*, a transliteration likely corresponding to an officeholder named Vilhena or similar. The recorded payments comprise 500 taels of silver for land rent assessed on the Macau enclave and 15 taels of silver designated as subsidy (*yuànsī yǎnglián yín*) for the maintenance of Prefectural and Circuit-level yamen staff. Issued by the Chengfa Bureau (Office for Transmitting and Implementing Official Documents), the receipt was formally delivered to the foreign headmen—including Wēilíduō—for personal custody. Marginalia indicate administrative annotations including ‘83 Ding’ and ‘Two Senior Officials’, while multiple red square seals and a large red cursive character—possibly ‘Xíng’ (‘issued’) or ‘Suǒ’ (‘office’)—attest to its official provenance and authentication. This document provides primary evidence of fiscal administration, Sino-Portuguese institutional interaction, and local governance structures in Guangdong province during the mid-Qianlong era.

This archival document is an imperial edict issued on 12 June 1739 (11th day of the 5th month, 4th year of the Qianlong reign) by the Acting Magistrate of Chashan County, Magistrate Dai, under authority of the Maritime Defence and Civil-Military Prefectural Administration (Hai Fang Jun Min Fu) of Guangdong province. It addresses the unlawful construction of stone foundations for a water fortress (*Shui Cheng*) by the foreign resident *Ai-ai-zhu* at Chan Chu Shi (Toad Rock), a coastal promontory near Macau. The edict commands the Qing-appointed foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) to supervise *Ai-ai-zhu* in the immediate demolition and relocation of all newly laid foundations away from the site, and to submit a formally sealed compliance report (*Zun Yi Bao Fu*) without delay. The text records prior inspections, repeated admonitions, an official dispatch (*Xi*), and escalating administrative pressure due to non-compliance, culminating in a reissued urgent order threatening formal legal enforcement (*Tong Piao*). Key figures include Magistrate Dai, Prefect Kong of the Hai Fang Jun Min Fu, *Ai-ai-zhu*, and the *Yi Mu*. The document reflects Qing bureaucratic procedures for regulating foreign residents in the Macau–Guangdong maritime frontier, evidencing jurisdictional tensions, delegated authority, and enforcement mechanisms within mid-Qing coastal administration.

This archival document is an official tax receipt issued by Meng, Magistrate of Xiangshan County, on the eleventh day of the twelfth lunar month in the thirty-ninth year of the Qianlong reign (29 December 1774), certifying the remittance of land rent and associated payments for the Macau enclave (*Houjing’ao*) by Portuguese Overseas Affairs Magistrates, including *Weiluoduo*. The receipt records the deposit into the county treasury of five hundred taels of silver as annual land rent, plus fifteen taels designated as the ‘integrity allowance’ (*yanglian yin*) for the provincial judicial commissioner (*yuan si*). It bears the official red seal of the Xiangshan County Magistrate and the certification signature of *Weiluoduo*, reflecting Qing administrative oversight of Macau’s fiscal obligations under the tributary and leasehold framework. Marginalia include a large red character *She*, indicating that the sum was recorded in the official accounts as owed but not yet fully settled in cash—a standard Qing fiscal notation (*she zhang*). The document originates from the Xiangshan County yamen and forms part of the historical record of Sino-Portuguese administrative and fiscal relations in the late eighteenth century. Archival references are 368 and 1445, with the document paginated as T36. This receipt serves as primary evidence for studying Qing local governance, cross-cultural taxation practices, and the legal-administrative status of Macau during the Qianlong period.